Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Mucous Permeable Nanoparticle for Inducing Cuproptosis‐Like Death In Broad‐Spectrum Bacteria for Nebulized Treatment of Acute Pneumonia

doi: 10.1002/advs.202408580

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of macrophage response by Cu 2 O‐BSO NPs in vitro. a) Typical scatter plots of MH‐S surface markers CD86 (M1 macrophage marker) and CD206 (M2 macrophage marker) detected by flow cytometry. b) Typical images of MH‐S engulfing a bacterium. The green fluorescence represents GFP‐MRSA, the red fluorescence represents MH‐S, and the blue fluorescence represents the nucleus. The stronger the green fluorescence, the stronger the phagocytosis of MH‐S. c,d) Representative SPM photographs and CFU count of MRSA engulfed by MH‐S. e–g) ELISA results indicating levels of cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α) secreted by MH‐S in different groups.

Article Snippet: Each group of cells was centrifuged, washed, and resuspended in 500 μL of PBS, which contained an anti‐mouse CD86 antibody coupled with FITC (Elabscience) and an anti‐mouse CD206 antibody coupled with PE (Elabscience).

Techniques: Activation Assay, In Vitro, Marker, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Physiology

Article Title: Differences in Immune Response During Competition and Preparation Phase in Elite Rowers

doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.803863

Figure Lengend Snippet: Monocyte and dendritic cell activation and orchestration of adaptive immunity. Cell surface markers detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) quantified in whole-blood cell lysates during competition vs. PREP. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, and n.s. = non-significant, n = 9, 10, or 11, respectively. (A) The percentage of monocytes did not differ between competition vs. PREP, whereas increased (B) monocyte/macrophage cell surface marker HLA-DR on MΦ detection in COMP indicates immune system stimulation by monocyte/macrophage activation. This is underlined by (C) higher measures of CD83 + during COMP, a molecule important for antigen presentation, and dendritic cell (DC) maturation and (D) CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, expressed on plasmacytoid DC. Analysis of T-cell activation showed increased values during low season for (E) CD2 + /CD80 + and (F) CD2 + /CD86 + positive lymphocytes. However, at the same time, (G) CD25 + /CD4 + positive immunosuppressive T-regulatory cells increase, suggesting prevention of autoimmune responses. (H) Il-2R concentration sorted by sCD25 + did not differ between phases.

Article Snippet: Lymphocytes were evaluated using antibodies directed against CD25 (clone M-A251, BD Biosciences) on its own and together with CD4 (cloneRPA-T4, BD Biosciences), CD2 (clone 39C1.5, Beckman Coulter) either together with CD80 (clone L307.4, Immunotech) or CD86 (clone B-T7; Diaclone).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Fluorescence, FACS, Marker, Immunopeptidomics, Concentration Assay

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101945

Figure Lengend Snippet: The protective effect of SP@CSC on HT29 cells under oxidative stress conditions. Representative images of intracellular ROS in HT29 cells under different treatments, as indicated by CLSM (a) and flow cytometry analysis (b), following stimulation with H 2 O 2 for 24 h. (c) Representative fluorescent images of JC-1 staining showing the mitochondrial membrane potential of H 2 O 2 -stimulated HT29 cells after treated with different formulations. JC-1 aggregates (red) and monomer (green) (d) Semi-quantitative analysis of the ratio of JC-1 aggregates (red) and monomer (green). (e) Annexin V-FITC/PI-PE staining comparing the differences in HT29 apoptosis among different groups. (f) Quantitative results of Annexin V+ cell rate. Data was shown as mean ± standard deviation (S.D) ( n = 3 per group). Statistical significance was performed by one-way ANOVA test with a Tukey's post hoc test. ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01. Data are presented as mean ± S.D., with n = 3 per group. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Antibodies for flow cytometry, specifically CD206-PE and CD86-FITC, along with ELISA kits for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Membrane, Standard Deviation

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101945

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of CSC NGs and SP@CSC. (a) Photographic of CeO 2 , CS NGs and CSC NGs. (b) TEM image of CeO 2 , CS, CSC NGs. (c) The hydrodynamic size distribution of CS, CeO 2 , and CSC NGs. (d) UV spectra of the indicated materials. XPS survey spectrum of Ce 3d in CeO 2 (e) and CSC NGs (f), and the semi-quantitation of Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ . (g) Cerium content of SP@CSC under different weight ratios of SP and CeO 2 . (h) Zeta-potential of CeO 2 , CSC NGs, SP, and SP@CSC (n = 3). (i) SEM images of SP and SP@CSC. (j) CLSM imaging of SP@CSC. The SP exhibited autofluorescence (Cy5 channel) and CSC was labeled by FITC. (k) Releasing curves of CeO 2 from SP@CSC in SGF and SIF. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (S.D.), with 3 replicates per group. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Antibodies for flow cytometry, specifically CD206-PE and CD86-FITC, along with ELISA kits for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Quantitation Assay, Zeta Potential Analyzer, Imaging, Labeling, Standard Deviation

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101945

Figure Lengend Snippet: SP@CSC alleviate IBD Inducing Factors in Macrophages. Cytoprotective effect of different treatments against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells (a) and HT-29 cells (b). (c) Flow cytometry analysis of DCFH-DA staining in LPS-induced (1 μg/mL) RAW264.7 cells under various treatment conditions, along with (d) the corresponding quantitative evaluation. (e) Flow cytometry analysis of the proportions of CD86-positive and CD206-positive macrophages after LPS stimulation for 24 h. (f) Quantification of CD86-positive and CD206-negative cells across all groups. ELISA assays of typical proinflammatory of TNF-α (g), IL-6 (h). (i) Western blot assay for Nrf2, and HO-1expression of Raw 264.7 cells after LPS stimulation and treated with different treatments. Data are presented as mean ± S.D (n = 3 per group). Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA test. ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Antibodies for flow cytometry, specifically CD206-PE and CD86-FITC, along with ELISA kits for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101945

Figure Lengend Snippet: Therapeutic effects and immunomodulation properties of SP@CSC in vivo. (a) Overall design of animal experiments. Balb/c mice were fed with 3 % DSS for 7 consecutive days and orally administered different treatments or PBS every other day, starting from day 2, for a total of seven administrations. (b) Daily body weight changes in mice over 9 days (n = 5). (c) Colon length measurements for each group (n = 5). (d) DAI score for each group on day 9 (n = 5). (e) Representative photographs and hematoxylin and eosin-stained images of the retrieved colon tissues. Representative immunofluorescence images of F4/80 (red) (f) and CD86 (green) (g) in colonic tissues. (h) Semi-quantification of F4/80-positive areas (n = 3). (i) Semi-quantification of CD86-positive areas (n = 3). The levels of IL-6 (j), TNF-α (k), IL-17 (l) in the colon determined by ELISA assay (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± S.D. ∗ P < 0.05 and ∗∗ P < 0.01 indicate statistical significance, as determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Antibodies for flow cytometry, specifically CD206-PE and CD86-FITC, along with ELISA kits for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101945

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo distribution of SP@CSC. (a) Time-dependent in vivo fluorescence images of Balb/c nude mice following intragastric administration of IR783-labeled CSC NGs and SP@CSC (n = 3). (b) Quantification of fluorescence intensity in the mice. (c) Ex vivo fluorescence images of major organs, including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, collected at different time points after intragastric administration, along with (d) quantification of fluorescence intensity in these organs. (e) Fluorescence images of colon tissues from mice gavaged with FITC-labeled CSC NGs and SP@CSC. (f) Schematic illustration of SP@CSC delivery.

Article Snippet: Antibodies for flow cytometry, specifically CD206-PE and CD86-FITC, along with ELISA kits for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Fluorescence, Labeling, Ex Vivo

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Epstein–Barr virus-mediated transformation of B cells induces global chromatin changes independent to the acquisition of proliferation

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkt886

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of histone modification changes during transformation of RBLs with mutant forms of EBV and IL-4/CD40L-stimulated cells. ( A ) Comparison of activation and proliferation levels between B cells infected with wild type EBV (WT EBV), the LMP-1 and EBNA-2 deficient forms of EBV (LMP1 KO and EBNA2 KO), and cells stimulated with IL-4/CD40L (ACT). The left panel shows the proportion of activated cells (left; determined by FACS analysis with CD86) and the right panel the proportion of dividing cells (determined with tritiated thymidine). ( B ) Quantitation of levels of infection with LMP1-expressing lentivirus measured by GFP fluorescence and FACS analysis. ( C ) Analysis by western blot of a time course experiment with antibodies against H3K4me3, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, total H3, H4K20me3 and total H4 of RBLs infected with wild type EBV, EBV deficient for LMP-1, EBV deficient for EBNA-2, IL-4/CD40L-stimulated B cells and IL-4/CD40L-stimulated B cells infected with LMP-1. ( D ) Densitometric quantitation of western blot data. The average of three independent experiments is represented. Data are presented relative to levels in RBL. ( E ) Top panel, XIC of isobaric H3 peptides from different B-cell populations. Differentially modified peptides were chromatographically separated and individual peaks identified by tandem MS spectra. Relative levels of individual isoforms were quantified using the Genesis peak detection module of the Xcalibur software package (Thermo Fisher Scientific). X -axis represents retention time, y -axis the intensity of ion currents in the Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Bottom panel, bar chart of H3K27me3 levels relative to the two other modification states of this peptide. Error bars represent the SD of two independent biological replicates. Abbreviations : unmod = unmodified peptide, me1 = single mono-methylated lysine. ( F ) Quantitative ChIP assays showing changes in H4K20me3, H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 between RBLs and B cells infected wild type EBV, EBV deficient for LMP-1, EBV deficient for EBNA-2, IL-4/CD40L-stimulated B cells and IL-4/CD40L-stimulated B cells infected with LMP-1 (LMP1 LV). The sequences correspond to promoter gene sequences from the ChIP-seq analysis. GAPDH was used as a control sequence.

Article Snippet: EBV-infected or CD40L/IL-4-activated B cells were harvested and stained for CD86 expression with an anti-human CD86 FITC-conjugated (EuroBioSciences) at 1:100 concentration.

Techniques: Comparison, Modification, Transformation Assay, Mutagenesis, Activation Assay, Infection, Quantitation Assay, Expressing, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Software, Mass Spectrometry, Methylation, ChIP-sequencing, Control, Sequencing